MedInTO Medicine and Surgery

Pathology

Pathology

Academic year 2024/2025

Sommario del corso

• Course objectives
• Results of learning outcomes
• Program
• Course delivery
• Learning assessment methods
• Support activities
• Suggested readings and bibliography
• Notes
• Teaching Modules
• Teaching tools
• Course card

Course objectives

• Basic pathology lesions including cell damage, tissue damage, organ damage. Their evolution during major diseases in different or­­gans and systems.
• Role of pathology in the decision-making process of physicians and surgeons. Making use of diagnostic histopathology and cytopathology for the purposes of diagnosis, preventive medicine, prognosis and treatment of individual patients.
• Role of pathology in understanding how the most relevant diseases of organs and systems work (see syllabus for details).
• Critical analysis when correlating functional changes, signs and symptoms and pathological conditions. Critical ability to interpret underlying mechanisms and understanding clinical significance.
• New molecular diagnostic techniques applied to cells and tissues for diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic purposes, aimed at better pinpointing human cancers.

Results of learning outcomes

Learning outcomes include skills and knowledge of protocols and procedures in diagnostic pathology; knowledge of the classification of both non-neoplastic and neoplastic disease for each individual organ and system; applicability and limitations of different types of tissue samples according to the diagnostic context.

Program

INTRODUCTION TO PATHOLOGY

• History of pathology; pathology techniques; types of cell and tissue samples, fixation.

CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGY

• Pericardium: effusions, pericarditis, tumours.
• Heart: congenital heart disease; myocarditis; endocarditis; rheumatic heart disease; valve disease; cardiomyopathy; infarction; angina; sudden death.
• Blood vessels: atherosclerosis, calcific sclerosis, arteriolosclerosis; aortic dissection; vasculitis.
• Complex diseases: heart failure; hypertensive disease; heart transplantation.

PULMONARY PATHOLOGY

• Larynx: laryngitis, polyps, papilloma, leukoplakia, carcinoma.
• Lung: cysts; atelectasis, diffuse alveolar damage; pulmonary hypertension; embolism; chronic bronchitis and small airways disease, emphysema, bronchiectasis, asthma; pneumonia; abscess; pulmonary fibrosis, pneumoconiosis, sarcoidosis; tuberculosis; mycosis; lung cancer.
• Pleura: effusions; pleurisy; hyaline plaques; tumours.
• Complex diseases: obstructive and restrictive respiratory syndromes.

MEDIASTINUM

• Tumours (thymic and extrathymic ones).

GASTROINTESTINAL PATHOLOGY

• Oral cavity and salivary glands: inflammatory lesions; precancerous lesions; tumours.
• Esophagus: congenital malformations and stenosis, precancerous lesions and carcinoma.
• Stomach: gastritis; peptic ulcer; polyps and adenoma; carcinoma; other tumors.
• Bowel: congenital abnormalities; diverticular disease; malabsorption; infarction and ischemic colitis; enteritis; inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); polyp, adenoma and adenomatous syndromes; carcinoma and other tumors.
• Peritoneum. Effusions; peritonitis, tumors.
• Liver and biliary tract: vascular diseases; toxic and viral hepatitis; liver necrosis; infections; cholangitis; lithiasis; cirrhosis; primary and secondary tumors.
• Exocrine pancreas: acute and chronic pancreatitis; tumors.
• Complex diseases: liver failure; liver transplant.

 BREAST PATHOLOGY

• Mastitis; fibrocystic disease; gynecomastia; fibro-epithelial lesions; papillomas; pre-invasive neoplastic lesions, carcinoma; other tumors.

GENITOURINARY PATHOLOGY

• Kidney: cystic disease; primary and secondary glomerulopathies; primary and secondary tubular diseases; interstitial nephritis; infections; vasculitis; tumors; renal transplant.
• Bladder: cystitis; tumors.
• Testis: orchitis and epididymitis; cryptorchidism; male infertility; tumors.
• Prostate: hyperplasia; inflammation; preinvasive lesions and carcinoma.
• Ovary: physiological changes; cysts and polycystic ovary syndrome; neoplasms
• Uterus: endometrial and cervical infections; endometrial hormonal abnormalities; endometriosis; endometrial hyperplasia; pre-invasive endometrial lesions; endometrial carcinoma; stromal tumors;  cervical cancer screening; pre-invasive cervical lesions; cervical carcinoma; pathology of pregnancy.
• Vulva and vagina: inflammatory disorders/infections; tumors.

ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY

• Thyroid: developmental anomalies; hyperplastic disease; inflammatory-autoimmune diseases; neoplasms; cytology of thyroid nodules.
• Parathyroid: cysts; hyperplasia; tumors.
• Neuroendocrine neoplasms: classification and site-specific characterization.
• Adrenal: congenital anomalies; hemorrhage; infections; hyperplasia; cortical tumors; medullary tumors.
• Pituitary: inflammatory/infiltrative diseases; necrosis; tumors.

HEMATO PATHOLOGY

• Lymph nodes: Lymphoadenitis; Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas.
• Bone marrow: leukemias; myeloma; myeloproliferative and myelodisplastic syndromes.
• Spleen: congestion; infarction, splenomegalies, infections.

DERMATO PATHOLOGY

• Inflammatory disorders; infections/infestations; epithelial neoplasms; melanocytic neoplasms; other tumors

NEUROPATHOLOGY:

• Trauma and haemorrhage; infections; demyelinating disorders; degenerative diseases; tumours.

BONE AND SOFT TISSUE PATHOLOGY

• Bone: fibrous dysplasia; osteopenic diseases; Paget's disease; infections; bone tumours.
• Soft tissue: classification of benign tumours and sarcomas.

AUTOPSY

• medical purposes; post-mortem phenomena; definition of cause of death.

Course delivery

The course consists of face-to-face lectures, integrated lecture, elective teaching activities and case discussions to improve your problem-solving ability. The material from the lectures is made available to the students at the end of each lecture.

Learning assessment methods

Final examination at the end of the course (no mid-term exams).

The examination is made up of a written test and oral examination. The written test consists of multiple-choice or short-text questions. If successful (i.e., pass mark of 15/30), the student will proceed to the oral examination. The oral examination will account for +/-30% of the mark obtained in the written test. However, in the event of a completely inadequate oral examination, a fail mark will be awarded, regardless of the mark obtained in the written test.

Support activities

Course lecturers are available upon request to provide students with further information and learning support.

Notes

Students with DSA or disabilities are kindly requested to take note of the reception services and support services offered by the University of Turin, and in particular of the procedures required for exam support.

Teaching Modules

• Pathology - Module of Pathology A (SCB0216A)
• Pathology - Module of Pathology B (SCB0216B)

• Teaching material
• Exams and finals
• Class schedule
• Go to Moodle
• Register for the course
• Enrolled students
• Invia email agli studenti registrati
• Export table