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Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems
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Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems
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Academic year 2021/2022
- Course ID
- SCB0212
- Teaching staff
- Prof. Mauro Rinaldi (Lecturer)
Prof. Pasquale Pagliaro (Lecturer)
Prof.ssa Claudia Penna (Lecturer)
Prof.ssa Virginia De Rose (Coordinator)
Prof. Fabio Luigi Massimo Ricciardolo (Lecturer)
Prof. Carlo Albera (Lecturer)
Prof. Matteo Anselmino (Lecturer) - Year
- 3rd year
- Teaching period
- Second semester
- Type
- Basic
- Credits/Recognition
- 9
- Course disciplinary sector (SSD)
- BIO/09 - fisiologia
MED/10 - malattie dell'apparato respiratorio
MED/11 - malattie dell'apparato cardiovascolare
MED/23 - chirurgia cardiaca - Delivery
- Formal authority
- Language
- English
- Attendance
- Mandatory
- Type of examination
- Oral
- Prerequisites
- In depth knowledge of anatomy of cardio-vascular and respiratory system is required, as well as basics of cell and molecular biology, biochemistry, immunology and pathology.
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Sommario del corso
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Course objectives
The teaching aim is the acquisition by the student of in depth knowledge of physiology of cardio-vascular and respiratory systems and of epidemiology, etiology, pathogenetic mechanisms, pathophysiology, histopathology, clinical features and diagnosis of the cardio-vascular and respiratory diseases, as well as a rational approach to treatment of these diseases.
INTERACTIVE TEACHING OBJECTIVES: to carry out an accurate diagnostic approach to the patient with diseases of the cardiovascular and respiratory system and to develop decision-making capacity.
- To acquire the ability to define the appropriate diagnostic investigations and critically assess their results.
- To be able to discuss the rational and appropriate treatment of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases as well as the preventive measures.
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Results of learning outcomes
The student will acquire the necessary knowledge and the clinical skill for a correct diagnostic assessment and a proper clinical management of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases including the basics of an appropriate treatment.
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Course delivery
Teaching is organized in 108 hours of front-end teaching (9 CFU) divided into 2 hours lessons and includes the following modules:
- Cardio-vascular and Respiratory Physiology (2 CFU)
- Diseases of the Respiratory System (3 CFU)
- Diseases of the Cardiovascular System (3 CFU)
- Cardiac Surgey (1 CFU)
Attendance is mandatory as well as the final examination.
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Learning assessment methods
Since January 2024 the assessment method will be an oral exam focusing on all disciplines included in the course.
The oral exam will be in person.
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Support activities
Teaching does not include support activities, however, students with disabilities are encouraged to contact the lecturers to adapt teaching activities and assessment methods.
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Program
Teaching includes the following modules:
Cardio-vascular and Respiratory Physiology
- Myocardial function.
- Spreading of impulse and heart muscle contraction, inotropic agents, ECG and Cardiac Catheterization.
- Vessel elasticity and cardiac work, ventricular energy in relation to preload and afterload, heart failure.
- Heart sounds and murmurs, conditions that can determine a reduction or an increase of cardiac output.
- Arterial pulse.
- Pressure-volume.
- Pressure-flow capillary.
- Blood pressure.
- Genesis of varicose veins.
- Valsalva maneuver.
- Coronary flow and metabolic/endothelial control.
- The coronary reserve and fractional flow reserve.
- Myocardial hypertrophy and coronary risk.
- Myocardial infarction and cardioprotection.
- Blood pressure: methods of measurement and regulation in the short, medium and long term.
- Hypertension, new aspects of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS receptors pro-renin ACE 2, testicular ACE, ouabain).
- The cardiovascular response to extreme conditions: exercise, bleeding and shock.
- Methods of investigation in cardiovascular field.
- Respiratory mechanics.
- Volumes and lung capacity, anatomical and physiological dead space.
- Lung compliance.
- Partial pressures of respiratory gases.
- Gas exchange in the lungs.
- Distribution and transport of respiratory gases.
- Pulmonary flow and ventilation/perfusion.
- Nervous and chemical control of respiration.
Cardiovascular Diseases
- Cardiac anatomy and physiology.
- Diagnostic methods.
- Arrhythmias.
- Syncope.
- Sudden Cardiac Death.
- Heart failure.
- Ischemic heart disease.
- Valvular heart diseases.
- Congenital heart diseases.
- Cardiomyopathies.
- Channelopathies.
- Endocarditis.
- Myocarditis.
- Pericardial disease.
- Electrophysiology and haemodynamics.
Respiratory Diseases
- Spirometry and bronchoscopy
- Bronchial asthma.
- Severe asthma and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
- Cystic fibrosis.
- Bronchiectasis.
- Bacterial, viral, fungal, protozoal lung infections.
- Pulmonary Tuberculosis and other mycobacteriosis.
- Interstitial lung diseases.
- Occupational lung diseases.
- Lung cancer.
- Vascular disorders of the lung.
- Pleural effusions.
- Mesothelioma.
- Sleep-disordered breathing.
- Respiratory failure.
Cardiac Surgery
- Cardiac valve surgery.
- Myocardial revascularization.
- The basics of Cardiac surgery.
Suggested readings and bibliography
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- Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 20th Edition, McGraw-Hill;
- Braunwald’s Heart Disease, 11th Edition, Elsevier;
- John Camm. The ESC Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 3rd Edition, Oxford;
- C Towsend, RD Beauchamp, BM Evers, K Mattox. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. 19th Saunders Elsevier. Philadelphia, 2012.
Further textbooks and/or scientific publications may be suggested.
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Moduli didattici
- Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems - Module of Cardiovascular diseases (SCB0212D)
- Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems - Module of Heart Surgery (SCB0212A)
- Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems - Module of Physiology (SCB0212B)
- Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems - Module of Respiratory Diseases (SCB0212C)
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